This paper discusses the poverty problem in China in terms of recognition of the poverty situation, cause of poverty and counter-poverty policies. As for recognitionof the poverty situation, concepts of poverty and its various estimatingmethods are surveyed, and related opinions are summarized. In terms of causes of poverty, statistical and empirical analyses are conducted for rural and urban areas, respectively, causes of poverty are specified, and necessary counter-poverty measures for such areas are discussed. As for counter-poverty measures, the historical evolution, relation with various systems, and differences between urban and rural areas, etc., are taken into consideration, and the actual situation of counter-poverty measures is shown. Based on the above analysis, problems in the current counter-poverty measures are pointed out, and a future research agenda on poverty is suggested.
